Editing: SQL (structure query language)

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<html> <body> SQL was developed at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM"> IBM</a> by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_D._Chamberlin">Donald D. Chamberlin</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond_F._Boyce">Raymond F. Boyce</a> in the early 1970s. This version, initially called SEQUEL (Structured English Query Language), was designed to manipulate and retrieve data stored in IBM's original quasi-relational database management system, <a title="IBM System R" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System_R">System R</a>, which a group at <a title="IBM Almaden Research Center" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Almaden_Research_Center"> IBM San Jose Research Laboratory</a> had developed during the 1970s.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sql#cite_note-chamberlin-boyce-sequel-5">[6]</a> The acronym SEQUEL was later changed to SQL because "SEQUEL" was a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trademark"> trademark</a> of the <a title="United Kingdom" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom"> UK-based</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Siddeley">Hawker Siddeley</a> aircraft company.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sql#cite_note-oppel-databases-6">[7]</a> The first Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) was <a title="RDMS" class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDMS">RDMS</a>, developed at <a title="MIT" class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT">MIT</a> in the early 1970s, soon followed by <a title="Ingres (database)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingres_%28database%29"> Ingres</a>, developed in 1974 at <a title="University of California, Berkeley" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley"> U.C. Berkeley</a>. Ingres implemented a query language known as <a title="QUEL query languages" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QUEL_query_languages"> QUEL</a>, which was later supplanted in the marketplace by SQL.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sql#cite_note-oppel-databases-6">[7]</a> In the late 1970s, Relational Software, Inc. (now <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_Corporation"> Oracle Corporation</a>) saw the potential of the concepts described by Codd, Chamberlin, and Boyce and developed their own SQL-based <a title="RDBMS" class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDBMS">RDBMS</a> with aspirations of selling it to the <a title="United States Navy" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Navy"> U.S. Navy</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency"> Central Intelligence Agency</a>, and other <a title="Federal government of the United States" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States"> U.S. government</a> agencies. In June 1979, Relational Software, Inc. introduced the first commercially available implementation of SQL, <a class="mw-redirect" title="Oracle database" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_database"> Oracle</a> V2 (Version2) for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAX">VAX</a> computers. Oracle V2 beat IBM's August release of the <a title="System/38" class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System/38"> System/38</a> RDBMS to market by a few weeks.<a title="Wikipedia:Citation needed" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed"> </a> After testing SQL at customer test sites to determine the usefulness and practicality of the system, IBM began developing commercial products based on their System R prototype including System/38, <a title="SQL/DS" class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL/DS"> SQL/DS</a>, and <a title="IBM DB2" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_DB2">DB2</a>, which were commercially available in 1979, 1981, and 1983, respectively.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sql#cite_note-IBM-history-7"></a> </body> </html>
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