Some hints to resolve a "Post Setup Configuration Failed" error when installing FAST Search Server 2010 for SharePoint.

Some useful articles

• Installation: Configuration wizard fails (TechNet)
• http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/142/understanding-iis-70-url-authorization/
• http://blogs.msdn.com/b/briangre/archive/2011/02/24/fast-search-for-sharepoint-configuration-failure.aspx
• http://support.microsoft.com/kb/982261

By checking the log from the post-installation script (<FASTSearchFolder>\installer\scripts\psconfig.ps1) on each failure, you may find these errors:

System.Management.Automation.RuntimeException: An error occurred while installing Resource store.

This issue may be related to multi-core cpu's.
Resolved this by reducing logical number of CPUs(Core) instead of changing BIOS
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2449600

• “Start” -> select “Run” -> Type “msconfig” and enter
• Select “booting” tab
• Select “Advanced” from “booting” tab
• Check number of processors
• Set number of processors into “2” (or 4, 8)
• Click “OK”
• Restart Server

or:
REMOVE the ftp_Schema.xml file from the c:\windows\system32\inetsrv\config\schema directory in order for the install to properly proceed with the install.

SET config "ResourceStore" /section system.webServer/security/authorization /-[accessType='Allow',users'*'] /commit:apphost - ERROR ( message:Cannot find requested collection element ).

It seems an iis role service was missing – “URL Authorization”.
http://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en-IN/sharepoint2010setup/thread/a5d511ab-3993-4b03-8d64-8e6fde36b3a8
http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/142/understanding-iis-70-url-authorization/

Error Utility.Execute - TRAPPED: The service cannot be started, either because it is disabled or because it has no enabled devices associated with it : Exception

Some security hardening may be done on the server, and "Secondary Logon" was disabled.
This service allows you to have the "run as" functionality.
It seems disabling this service is one of many factors in server security hardening; however FAST requires this service to run configuration as the account specified during install.
http://blogs.msdn.com/b/briangre/archive/2011/02/24/fast-search-for-sharepoint-configuration-failure.aspx

A privilege that the service requires to function properly does not exist in the service account configuration" error message in FAST Search Server 2010 for SharePoint

This problem may occur if Group Policy exists that does not have the Create Global Objects policy set
http://blogs.msdn.com/b/briangre/archive/2011/02/24/fast-search-for-sharepoint-configuration-failure.aspx

(Thanks to Paul Kelly for the information)